CYP2D6和甲基苯丙胺

快捷方式: 差异，相似，杰卡德相似系数，参考。

CYP2D6和甲基苯丙胺之间的区别

CYP2D6 vs. 甲基苯丙胺

细胞色素 P450 2D6（Cytochrome P450 2D6）是一种由人类CYP2D6基因编码的酶。CYP2D6主要--在肝脏，并且也--在中枢神经系统中，包括黑质。 CYP2D6是细胞色素P450混合功能氧化酶系统的成员之一，是人体中最重要的代谢酶之一。CYP2D6参与25%的临床药物的代谢和清除，过程主要是O-去甲基化。CYP2D6也参与多种内源性物质的代谢，如5-羟色胺和神经类固醇。. 基苯丙胺或甲基安非他命（英語：Methamphetamine，全名是)）是強效的中樞神經系統刺激劑，主要被用於娛樂用途，較少被用於治療注意力不足過動症和肥胖症，即便有也被當成第二線療法。甲基苯丙胺是在1893年發現，有二種对映异构：分別是左旋甲基苯丙胺（levo-methamphetamine）及右旋甲基苯丙胺（dextro-methamphetamine）。「甲基苯丙胺」一般是指左旋甲基苯丙胺及右旋甲基苯丙胺各佔一半的外消旋混合物。甲基安非他命較少被醫師處方，因為可能會，以及有用作春藥和欣快感促進劑等風險。而且已有療效相同，而對人體危害風險更低的替代藥物。 在美國能直接在市面上購買主成分為左旋甲基苯丙胺的吸入型因為它被視為非处方药。 甲基苯丙胺常因為它們的藥效動力學屬性而被非法交易，用於娛樂用途。非法使用甲基苯丙胺在亚洲部分地区、大洋洲和美国最为普遍。在美国，消旋以及左旋、右旋甲基苯丙胺均为。 Levomethamphetamine is available as an over-the-counter (OTC) drug for use as an inhaled in the United States. Internationally, the production, distribution, sale, and possession of methamphetamine is restricted or banned in many countries, due to its placement in schedule II of the United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances treaty. While dextromethamphetamine is a more potent drug, racemic methamphetamine is sometimes illicitly produced due to the relative ease of and limited availability of chemical precursors. In low doses, methamphetamine can elevate mood, increase alertness, concentration and energy in fatigued individuals, reduce appetite, and promote weight loss. At higher doses, it can induce, breakdown of skeletal muscle, and bleeding in the brain. Chronic high-dose use can precipitate unpredictable and rapid s, (e.g., paranoia, hallucinations, delirium, and delusions) and violent behavior. Recreationally, methamphetamine's ability to has been reported to lift mood and increase sexual desire to such an extent that users are able to engage in sexual activity continuously for several days. Methamphetamine is known to possess a high addiction liability (i.e., a high likelihood that long-term or high dose use will lead to compulsive drug use) and high dependence liability (i.e. a high likelihood that withdrawal symptoms will occur when methamphetamine use ceases). Heavy recreational use of methamphetamine may lead to a, which can persist for months beyond the typical withdrawal period. Unlike amphetamine, methamphetamine is to human midbrain neurons. It has also been shown to damage serotonin neurons in the CNS. This damage includes adverse changes in brain structure and function, such as reductions in grey matter volume in several brain regions and adverse changes in markers of metabolic integrity. Methamphetamine belongs to the and. It is related to the other s as a positional isomer of these compounds, which share the common chemical formula:.

中樞神經系統

中枢神经系统（英文：central nervous system，縮寫：CNS）是神经系统中神经细胞集中的结构，在脊椎动物包括腦和脊髓；在高等无脊椎动物如环节动物和昆虫等，则主要包括腹神经索和一系列的神经节。 人的中枢神经系统构造最复杂而完整，特别是大脑半球的皮层获得高度的发展，成为神经系统最重要和高级的部分，保证了机体各器官的协调活动，以及机体与外界环境间的统一和协调。 中樞神經系統與周围神经系统組成了神經系統，控制了生物的行為。 整個中樞神經系統位於背腔，腦在顱腔，脊髓在脊椎管；顱骨保護腦，脊椎保護脊髓。.

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